METEO 3 Lesson 13 Images

The image is a map focusing on the beaches of Normandy in the North of France, bordering the English Channel. It uses a red outline to highlight the area. The map employs a Mercator Projection featuring Europe and parts of the surrounding regions, including North Africa and the Middle East. Water bodies like the North Atlantic Ocean, Labrador Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea, and Caspian Sea are visible. The countries are marked with their names, such as France, United Kingdom, Spain, Germany, Italy, and others up to the eastern part of the continent like Ukraine and Turkey. Major cities such as London, Paris, Rome, Madrid, Berlin, and Istanbul are labeled.

This is the same image as The Beaches of Normandy Image. In this case, it is highlighting Europe's close proximity to the North Atlantic Ocean. This large body of water is roughly west of the continent of Europe playing a large role in Europe's climate. The map employs a Mercator Projection featuring Europe and parts of the surrounding regions, including North Africa and the Middle East. Water bodies like the North Atlantic Ocean, Labrador Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea, and Caspian Sea are visible. The countries are marked with their names, such as France, United Kingdom, Spain, Germany, Italy, and others up to the eastern part of the continent like Ukraine and Turkey. Major cities such as London, Paris, Rome, Madrid, Berlin, and Istanbul are labeled.

The image illustrates a concept in thermodynamics involving temperature gradients and wind speed. On the left, a color gradient bar shows colors from purple to red, in rainbow order, labeled with temperatures: 50°, 52°, 54°, 56°, and 58°, coinciding with the colors. The color colors like purple and blue have the lower temperatures, temperatures increase heading toward red. A black arrow labeled "U" points horizontally along the gradient, indicating wind speed, moving toward the warmer colors. A white point labeled "P" sits on the gradient, pointing to a graph in the upper left of the image. The graph plots temperature against time, showing a downward curve in red, showing a decrease in temperature over time. To the right, a mathematical expression is displayed: $\frac{\partial T}{\partial t} = -U \times \frac{\partial T}{\partial x}$. Text annotations in red, blue, and purple provide explanations, with blue text linked to the arrow and labeled "the negative of the wind speed times..." , pointing at the $-U$ in the equation. The purple text stating "...the temperature gradient.", pointing to the $\frac{\partial T}{\partial x}$ in the equation. And the red text stating "The change in temperature over some time interval equals...", pointing to the $\frac{\partial T}{\partial t}$ in the equation.

The image is a black and white comic strip consisting of four panels. In the first panel, a person with glasses is talking to another character with a patterned shirt about chaos theory, specifically mentioning their reading on the topic. The character in the patterned shirt states "I've been reading about the chaos theory", the character with glasses replies "yeah?". The second panel features the same characters, with the person in the patterned shirt explaining the idea that a butterfly flapping its wings could cause a storm elsewhere, he states "It claims that a single butterfly merely flapping its wings could cause a storm on the other side of the world.". The character listening responds with "Hmm." In the third panel, there is a close-up of a butterfly on a leaf with large eyes, which makes a loud "BURRP!" sound. The final panel shows the two characters again, walking in heavy rain, discussing whether they believe the theory, the one with glasses stating, "Do you believe it?" and the patterned shirt replying, "seems unlikely". 

The image is a line graph showing the Total Accumulated QPF (Quantitative Precipitation Forecast) in inches over time for KUNV, based on EMC's GEFS plumes. The Y-axis measures precipitation in inches from 0 to 8. The X-axis tracks time in UTC, starting from 00Z on September 7, 2018, and ending at 12Z on September 15, 2018. Multiple gray lines representing model ensemble members are plotted across the graph, showing different forecast scenarios. A thicker black line indicates the mean of these ensemble forecasts, and a single blue line highlights a particular scenario. Most lines show an upward trend, indicating increasing precipitation over time.

The figure shows the annual mean absolute errors of minimum temperature forecasts produced by the Weather Prediction Center (WPC) from 1972 to 2017. The x-axis represents year, and the y-axis shows the mean absolute error in degrees Fahrenheit, ranging from 2.0 to 8.0. Five lines are plotted, each corresponding to a different forecast lead time: Day 3 (red), Day 4 (green), Day 5 (blue), Day 6 (magenta), and Day 7 (black). All forecast days exhibit a general downward trend over time, indicating substantial improvements in forecast accuracy. Short-term fluctuations reflect year-to-year variability in forecast skill. The Day 6 and Day 7 forecasts begin in 1998, when advances in forecasting technology made longer-range predictions possible.

The image shows a weather map of total accumulated quantitative precipitation forecast (QPF), in inches, from a single model run. The map covers portions of the northeastern United States, including northeastern Pennsylvania, northern New Jersey, New York, and parts of New England, with state boundaries outlined. Blue contour lines indicate major highways. Precipitation amounts are depicted using a color gradient ranging from light green to dark purple, with higher accumulations shown by darker shades. Central and northeastern Pennsylvania exhibit the highest precipitation totals, while lighter accumulations appear across parts of New Jersey. Areas shown in white indicate no forecast precipitation. A legend at the bottom of the map provides the precipitation scale, ranging from zero (white) to 18 inches (brown), with colors transitioning from white through greens, blues, purples, reds, yellows, and brown.

The image shows a weather map of Pennsylvania highlighted with additional snowfall predictions. The map is divided into regions shaded in different colors indicating snowfall amounts. The northern part of the state is in green with a prediction of "Coating - 1". Light blue represents areas expecting 1-3 inches of snow, including cities like Franklin, DuBois, State College, and Hazleton. A darker blue area, covering cities such as Pittsburgh and Allentown predicts 3-7 inches of snow. The darkest blue areas, including Johnstown and Philadelphia, forecast 6-12 inches, with some regions possibly experiencing locally higher amounts. The background is a pattern of falling snowflakes against a gray sky. In the top left corner, the "weather world" logo is visible. Across the top, there is a banner reading, "Additional snowfall through Wednesday night."

The image is a forecast map from the National Hurricane Center showing the projected track of Tropical Storm Florence as of 5 PM AST on Saturday, September 8, 2018. The map covers the western Atlantic Ocean and the eastern United States, with a white cone depicting the potential track of the storm, which widens as forecast uncertainty increases toward the southeastern U.S. coast. Forecast positions are marked by black dots labeled with the corresponding dates and times, ranging from 5 PM Saturday to 2 PM Thursday. Along the projected path, Florence is forecast to intensify from a tropical storm to a hurricane, indicated by an “H,” and then to a major hurricane, indicated by an “M.” At the time of the forecast, Florence is a tropical storm, shown by a yellow area representing the current tropical-storm-force wind extent, and is expected to strengthen into a hurricane within the next several hours.

The image is a bar chart illustrating the Weather Prediction Center (WPC) percentage improvement over NCEP models for the 1-inch Day 1 quantitative precipitation forecast (QPF) from 1993 to 2017. The vertical axis measures percentage improvement, ranging from 0 to 70 percent, while the horizontal axis lists selected years from 1993 through 2017. Two sets of bars are shown for each year, representing WPC-NAM (green) and WPC-GFS (blue). The WPC-NAM bars generally show greater improvement than WPC-GFS, with a prominent peak in 1996 by GFS. The exact values of the bar chart are shown in the table below. 

The image shows the Apple Weather app interface displaying the forecast for State College. The background features vertical streaks resembling rainfall. At the top of the screen, the time is shown as 1:28 PM on a Verizon network. The main heading lists “State College,” with “Rain” beneath it and a large temperature reading of 69°F. Below this, the hourly forecast for Monday is displayed from the current time through 7 PM, showing varying chances of rain and thunderstorms with temperatures ranging from 68°F to 70°F, accompanied by cloud-and-rain icons, some with lightning bolts. The extended forecast for the rest of the week appears below, with icons indicating mostly cloudy conditions with rain on Tuesday, partly cloudy weather on Wednesday and Friday, sunny conditions on Thursday, partly cloudy weather on Saturday, and rainy conditions on Sunday and the following Monday. Daily high and low temperatures are listed on the right, and Tuesday is highlighted with a yellow box, indicating it is the selected day.

The image is an aerial view of the Penn State University Park campus, showcasing lush green trees interspersed with several campus buildings. In the foreground, a large rectangular brick building with a flat roof extends from the right, partially visible from above. Surrounding the area, trees of varying sizes and shades of green form a natural canopy. In the distance, additional campus buildings, including Old Main, are visible, blending with the tree line. Beyond the campus, low-lying mountains, including Mount Nittany, provide a scenic backdrop under a sky dotted with fluffy white clouds and patches of blue.

The image is a map highlighting the snowfall difference during Blizzard 2016 between Scranton, PA, and Allentown, PA. It shows a geographical view with green land areas, black-bordered counties, white-bordered states and red roads. A yellow line, labeled "48 MILES!", connects Scranton and Allentown. Scranton is marked in the upper left with "1.8 inches" of snow, while Allentown in the lower center marks "31.7 inches." The map features towns and cities, with parts of Pennsylvania and neighboring areas visible. The title "Blizzard 2016 - A Difference of Miles" is at the top, with the creation date in the top-left corner. The bottom features a banner for the National Weather Service in Binghamton, NY, along with web and social media links.

The image is a weather map showing temperatures across Pennsylvania and parts of neighboring states, labeled with specific cities. The map features a color gradient representing temperature variations, ranging from cooler greens in the north to warmer oranges in the south. It displays a mix of geographic boundaries with major cities labeled in yellow font along with their corresponding temperatures in white numbers. The temperature readings vary from 48°F in Erie to 93°F in Cumberland, Maryland. A header at the top indicates the information is about temperatures, with a specified date and time of Friday, April 13, 2018, at 5:00 PM EDT. The "weather world" logo is in the top left corner.